密歇根州小档案：
人口：约1000万
面积：约150，779平方公里，排名第23位
州府：兰辛Lansing
密歇根州，名称来自印第安语，其意义为“大水”Great Water。
1668年开始殖民。1837年1月26日成为美国第26州。州的别名叫做“狼獾之州”Wolverine State（因本州产兽皮）。以苹果花为州花。本州箴言：“如果你找一个可爱的半岛，向这儿看。”If You Seek a Pleasant Peninsula，Look About You。
州府是兰辛Lansing，位于下半岛之中部。在兰辛西北方之大溪城Grand Rapids，是大工业都市。在兰辛东北方之夫林特flint，工业也发达。最发达的工业都市是底特律，美国第五大都市，在下半岛东南部，滨底特律河，介于伊利湖与圣克雷湖之间，为美国各大汽车制造公司General Motors，American Motors，Ford Motors，Chrysler Motors所在地。
大专院校约有90所。其中最著名的是密执安大学，创于1817年，地点在安亚伯Ann Arbor。密执安州立大学，位于东兰星E．Lansing，创于1855年。
本州特征有二：地形方面，这是美国内两半岛滨湖之州。一为南北向之半岛叫做下半岛，位于密歇根、休伦及伊利三湖之间，是州府兰辛Lansing所在地。一为东西之半岛，介于苏必略与密歇根二湖之间，叫做上半岛，面积甚小，人口只占本州十分之一。第二，工业方面，这是美国汽车装配工业第一之州。大都市底特律Detroit是全世界最大的汽车装配工业都市。下半岛东西两侧有大湖，气候温和，盛产水果。例如：樱桃、苹果、梨、葡萄。牛奶产量极富。上半岛产铁。产值仅次于明尼苏达州，在美国内，列第2位。
本州风光好，交通便，旅游业极盛。苏必略湖内有拉雅岛Isle Royale，接近加拿大，已建为国家公园。岛上产铜，4千年前印第安人曾用石器开采。
Introduction简介
Following the prehistoric inhabitants（居民，居住者），Michigan’s residents were the tribal groups of Ojibwa，Ottawa and Potawatomi Native Americans．The first Europeans were the French and French－Canadians．In 1634，Jean Nicolet explored parts of the Upper Peninsula（半岛）for France．Missionaries arrived and established a mission at Keweenaw［基威诺半岛（位于美国Michigan州之西北部）］Way in 1660．In 1668，Father Jacques Marquette established the first permanent settlement of Michigan at Sault Sainte Marie．
France was ousted（剥夺，驱逐）from the territory by Great Britain in 1763，following the French and Indian Wars．，and England controlled most French claims in North America，including Michigan．Chief Pontiac led the Ottawa Indians in attacking a number of forts（堡垒）this same year，killing many of the settlers．
During the Revolutionary War（美国之革命战争），settlers in Michigan favored British rule and often raided American settlements．At the end of the war in 1783，Michigan came under American control．Detroit and Fort Mackinac however，did not surrender（投降）until 1796．In 1787，Michigan became part of the Northwest Territory．In 1805，the Lower Peninsula and the eastern part of the Upper Peninsula became the Territory of Michigan．
After the Revolutionary War，the U．S．acquired most of the region，which remained the scene of constant conflict between the British and U．S．forces and their respective Indian allies through the War of 1812．
The policy of pushing Native Americans westward and opening the lands for settlement was largely due to（由于，应归于）the efforts of Gen．Lewis Cass，who was governor of Michigan Territory（1813－1831）and later a U．S．Senator．Steamboat navigation on the Great Lakes and sale of public lands in Detroit（底特律，美国密歇根（Michigan）州东南部的大城市，位于底特律河流上）both began in 1818，and the Erie Canal was opened in 1825．
The move toward statehood was slowed by the desire of Ohio and Indiana to absorb parts of present S Michigan，and by the opposition of southern states to the admission of another free state．The Michigan electorate organized a government without U．S．sanction（批准，同意）and in 1836operated as a state，although outside the Union．To resolve the boundary dispute Congress proposed that the Toledo strip be ceded（放弃）to Ohio and Indiana with compensation to Michigan of land in the Upper Peninsula．Though the Michigan electorate rejected（拒绝）the offer，a group of Democratic leaders accepted it，and by their acceptance Michigan became the 26th state on January 26，1837．（The admission of Arkansas as a slaveholding（蓄奴的，拥有奴隶的）state offset that of Michigan as a free state．）
After statehood，Michigan promptly adopted a program of internal improvement through the building of railroads，roads，and canals，including the Soo Locks Ship Canal at Sault Ste．Marie in 1855．By 1870，lumbering（木材业）in the northern forests led the nation in lumber production．
No battles were fought on Michigan land during the Civil War（1861－1865），but by then over 90，000Michigan men，and at least one woman disguised（假装，伪装）as a man，will have served in the Union armies；approximately（大约）15，000will have died．The Fourth Michigan Calvary under General Custer captured Jefferson Davis，president of the Confederacy on May 10，1865．
Ransom E．Olds of Lansing who starts Michigan’s first auto company in 1900．Like King and Ford，Olds develops a gasoline－powered engine．In 1900，after setbacks（挫折，退步），Olds opens the nation’s first factory designed specifically for auto production．The following year he begins producing the Curved－dash Runabout（轻便汽车，小型单座敞篷车），which has a one－cylinder engine and is lightweight（轻便的；轻型的）and inexpensive．Other plants were built in Lansing and Flint．Detroit soon became known as the Automobile Capital of the World．
The Great Depression（1929－1939）caused hundreds of thousands of people to lose their jobs．One of President Franklin D．Roosevelt’s most popular New Deal relief programs，the CCC is a massive conservation program that employs tens of thousands of young men all across the nation．Two hundred young men from Detroit arrive at an isolated spot in Chippewa（齐佩瓦族）County and set up Camp Raco—Michigan’s first Civilian Conservation Corps（CCC）facility．Within months，dozens of（许多的）similar camps open across northern Michigan．
During both World Wars，the entire automobile industry switched to manufacturing tanks，jeeps，airplanes，and other needed war materials．This production helped to end the Great Depression（〈美〉大萧条）．In 1955，a new copper mine opened in Ontonagon．Shipping was facilitated in 1957with the completion of the Mackinac Bridge，connecting the Upper and Lower Peninsulas．
Racial problems escalated（逐步升高，逐步增强）in 1967．Forty－three people were killed and over 45million worth of property ruined，in an eight－day riot in（沉溺于）Detroit．New taxes were adopted to bring increase revenue for education，welfare，and other government services．In 1972，a state lottery was also established to help raise money for these purposes．
