新罕布什尔州小档案：
人口：约130万
面积：约24，097平方公里，排名第44位
州府：康科德Concord
新罕布什尔州，其名称来自1629年，因一位船长，是英国罕布什尔人，困此命名本区为新罕布什尔。
1623年，英人始向本州殖民。1776年1月5日，首先宣告独立，反抗英国。本州箴言就定为：“不自由，毋宁死”。Live Free or Die。1788年6月21日批准宪法，成为美国第9州。以紫丁香花purple lilac，作为州花。
州府是康科德Concord，位于本州南中部。曼彻斯特Manchester位于康科德南方，是本州最大之都市。朴次茅斯Portsmouth是本州惟一港口，在本州州东南。得海姆Durham在朴次茅斯西北方，1866年在此地创设新罕布什尔大学University of New Hampshire。
本州特征有二：第一，它是美国著名的滑雪之州。本州内，有些大山，坡度不陡，夏季凉爽，宜于徒步登山以避暑。也有一些山坡，陡而且直，形成天然滑雪场。冬季内，雪层甚厚，滑雪者多来此地，作滑雪运动。滑雪场所，也有特殊设备，例如建造登高坡之电梯skilifts，以供滑雪者上高坡。第二，本州花冈岩品质甚佳，产量甚大。因此，本州的别名，也叫做“花冈岩之州”granite State。
主要物产有皮革、牛奶、肉牛、火鸡及苹果。工业发达，有电器工业、纺织工业及造纸工业。
本州之内，有名山（华盛顿峰及怀特山脉），有大湖（在本州中部叫做温尼伯索基湖），有河，有泉，有残丘，有冰蚀地形，有茂密森林，夏季凉爽而干，宜于旅游，成为麻、康、纽等州人士游乐胜地。旅游业非常发达。全州土地有五分之一，已划入公园区。
Introduction简介
本套书共50册，分为美国各州的小知识，七彩缤纷的音符，优美好看的小散文，开心时分的短文，经典流传的寓言，超级高效的短句，实际有用的词汇等等在这些书中，备有单词解释，相关简介，或中文翻译，便于同学们更好的阅读和理解，真正进入文字的内涵当中，准确地和文字进行交流。主要介绍新罕布什尔州、新泽西州、新墨西哥州和纽约州的概况、州长、州鸟、州花、州旗、州歌以及相关资料，附有话里话外部分，主要介绍美国人服装、饮食和景点。
The Abenaki（阿贝内基族，原居住于新英格兰北部和加拿大东南部的美国土著民族，包括现居住在缅因州和魁北克州南部的人）and Pennacook Indians were living in the area of New Hampshire when Europeans arrived．
The region was first explored by Martin Pring（1603）and Samuel de Champlain（1605）．John Smith explored the Isles（小岛，岛）of Shoals（浅滩，沙洲）in 1614，naming them Smith’s Islands．In 1620the Council for New England．One of the Council’s leaders，Sir Ferdinando Gorges，formed a partnership with Capt．John Mason and in 1622obtained rights between the Merrimack（梅里马克美国新罕布什尔州南部一城镇，位于梅里马克河沿岸，曼彻斯特南部。它拥有多种轻工业。）and Kennebec rivers（肯纳贝克河（位于美国缅因州西部）），then called the province of Maine．Under an English land grant，Capt．John Smith sent settlers to establish a fishing colony at the mouth of the Piscataqua（皮斯卡塔韦［美国新泽西州东北部一镇区］）River，near presentday Rye and Dover，in 1623．By a division Mason took（1629）the area between the Piscataqua and the Merrimack，naming it New Hampshire．Portsmouth was founded by farmers and fishermen in 1630．
Note：The 1st known European settlement in New Hampshire，Piscataqua，was founded in 1622，not by an Englishman as one might presume（假定，假设，认为），but rather by a Scottish Gentleman，Mr．David Thomson．The“plantation”was part of the colonization of Nova Albion（New England）under the Scottish king．．．James Stuart the VI of Scotland，aka，James 1st of England．．．the son of the martyred（杀害，折磨）Mary Stewart，Queen of the Scots．
Captain Mason died in 1635，just before his proposed trip to the new country which he never saw．He had invested more than twentytwo thousand pounds in clearing the land，building houses，and preparing for its defense，a considerable fortune for those days．By then Dover（多佛，英国东南部的港口）and Portsmouth had expanded into Hampton and Exeter，and its income from fishing was increased by that from trade in furs and timber．
Through claims based on a misinterpretation（误译，曲解）of its charter，Massachusetts annexed（附加物，附属建筑）S New Hampshire between 1641and 1643．After a 38year period of union with Massachusetts，New Hampshire was made a separate royal colony in 1679．However，Massachusetts continued to press land claims until the two colonies finally agreed on the eastern and southern boundaries（1739－1741）．
Taking the idea from the English government，a community of“towns”was erected，and this became a“royal province”in 1679with John Cutt as president，with a population intended to be as nearly like England as it could be．The“royal province”continued until 1698when it came under the jurisdiction（权限）of Massachusetts with Joseph Dudley as Governor．Although they were technically independent of each other，the crown habitually（习惯地）appointed a single man to govern both colonies until 1741，when Benning Wentworth was made the first governor of New Hampshire alone．
During that time England’s throne had been ruled by William and Mary，Queen Anne，and George I，and New Hampshire was administered by no less than eight lieutenant（副）governors．There had been much unrest in England and as a result，to New Hampshire’s advantage，the Scotch settlers of Londonderry（伦敦德里（英国港市））in Ireland had in 1719sent many of their people here to form a“Scotch”colony in the new place they would call our own Londonderry．
Under King George II New Hampshire returned to its provincial status with a governor of its own，Benning Wentworth，who was its chief magistrate（文职官员，地方官员）from 1741to 1766．
During the first two decades（十年，十）of Governor Wentworth’s term New Hampshire had been beset with Indian troubles．With little aid from England，then at war with its oldtime enemy，France，the colonists undertook the sieges of Louisbourg，and helped to reduce Crown Point，and in the conquest（征服）of Canada．By the time of the signing of the Peace of Paris in 1762，and the end of the Indian fighting under the Rogers Rangers，the entire north country of New Hampshire was ready to be explored，surveyed，and populated．
Governor Wentworth who，as if in anticipation（预期，预料）of this opportunity，seems to have been well prepared for it，had arranged the purchase for the sum of fifteen hundred pounds of the unauthenticated（未经证实的，未经鉴定的，不可靠的）claims of Robert Mason，heir of Captain John Mason．Wentworth and his friends purchased the Mason rights in 1746，laying claim to lands east of the Hudson and thereby provoking（激怒，挑拨，煽动）a protracted（拖延的）controversy with New York．Although a royal order in 1764established the Connecticut River as the western boundary of New Hampshire，the dispute flared up（爆发）again during the American Revolution and was not settled until Vermont became a state．
