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第7章 七言古诗(2)

Venting in the pit of heaven,

An impenetrable shadow.

But now the sun and moon illumine a gold and silver terrace,

And,clad in rainbow garments,riding on the wind,

Come the queens of all the clouds,descending one by one,

With tigers for their luteplayers and phoenixes for dancers.

Row upon row,like fields of hemp,range the fairy figures.

I move,my soul goes flying,

I wake with a long sigh,

My pillow and my matting

Are the lost clouds I was in.

And this is the way it always is with human joy:

Ten thousand things run for ever like water toward the east.

And so I take my leave of you,not knowing for how long.

But let me,on my green slope,raise a white deer

And ride to you,great mountain,when I have need of you.

Oh,how can I gravely bow and scrape to men of high rank and men of high office

Who never will suffer being shown an honesthearted face!

金陵酒肆留别

风吹柳花满店香,吴姬压酒唤客尝。

金陵子弟来相送,欲行不行各尽觞。

请君试问东流水,别意与之谁短长?

Parting at a WineShopin Nanjing

A wind,bringing willowcotton,sweetens the shop,

And a girl from Wu,pouring wine,urges me to share it

With my comrades of the city who are here to see me off;

And as each of them drains his cup,I say to him in parting,

Oh,go and ask this river running to the east

If it can travel farther than a friends love!

宣州谢眺楼饯别校书叔云

弃我去者,昨日之日不可留。

乱我心者,今日之日多烦忧。

长风万里送秋雁,对此可以酣高楼。

蓬莱文章建安骨,中间小谢又清发,

俱怀逸兴壮思飞,欲上青天览明月。

抽刀断水水更流,举杯消愁愁更愁。

人生在世不称意,明朝散发弄扁舟。

A Farewell to Secretary Shuyun at the Xietiao Villa in Xuanzhou

Since yesterday had to throw me and bolt,

Today has hurt my heart even more.

The autumn wildgeese have a long wind for escort

As I face them from this villa,drinking my wine.

The bones of great writers are your brushes,in the School of Heaven,

And I am a Lesser Xie growing up by your side.

We both are exalted to distant thought,

Aspiring to the sky and the bright moon.

But since water still flows,though we cut it with our swords,

And sorrows return,though we drown them with wine,

Since the world can in no way answer our craving,

I will loosen my hair tomorrow and take to a fishing boat.

岑参

岑参(715~770),南阳人,一说湖北江陵人,唐代诗人少时隐居河南嵩阳。天宝三年进士,初为小官,后做过嘉州刺史等官,世称“岑嘉州”。诗以写边塞生活著称,与高适齐名,合称“高岑”。

岑参的诗气势宏伟、想像丰富、色彩绚丽、热情澎湃。与高适不同的是,他更多地描绘了边塞奇丽多姿的生活。雄奇瑰丽的浪漫色彩是岑参边塞诗的基调。《走马川行奉送出师西征》、《轮台歌奉送封大夫出师西征》和《白雪歌送武判官归京》是他的三篇代表作。最后一篇尤为突出,他用千树万树梨花开来形容北国八月飞雪之美,使荒蛮雪封之地顿时春意盎然。除此之外,岑参还有不少描写边塞奇景风俗的诗作,如《火山云歌送别》、《热海行送崔侍御还京》、《首秋轮台》、《玉门关盖将军歌》等,这些作品更增添了岑参边塞诗浪漫多姿的艺术丰采。

走马川行奉送封大夫出师西征

君不见走马川行雪海边,平沙莽莽黄入天。

轮台九月风夜吼,一川碎石大如斗,

随风满地石乱走。匈奴草黄马正肥,

金山西见烟尘飞,汉家大将西出师。

将军金甲夜不脱,半夜军行戈相拨,

风头如刀面如割。马毛带雪汗气蒸,

五花连钱旋作冰,幕中草檄砚水凝。

虏骑闻之应胆慑,料知短兵不敢接,

车师西门伫献捷。

A Song of RunningHorseRiver in Farewell to General Fengof the Western Expedition

Look how swift to the snowy sea races RunningHorse River!—

And sand,up from the desert,flies yellow into heaven.

This ninth month night is blowing cold at Wheel Tower,

And valleys,like peck measures,fill with the broken boulders

That downward,headlong,follow the wind.

In spite of grey grasses,Tartar horses are plump;

West of the Hill of Gold,smoke and dust gather.

O General of the Chinese troops,start your campaign!

Keep your iron armour on all night long,

Send your soldiers forward with a clattering of weapons!

While the sharp winds point cuts the face like a knife,

And snowy sweat steams on the horsesbacks,

Freezing a pattern of fiveflower coins,

Your challenge from camp,from an inkstand of ice,

Has chilled the barbarian chieftains heart.

You will have no more need of an actual battle!—

We await the news of victory,here at the western pass!

白雪歌送武判官归京

北风卷地白草折,胡天八月即飞雪。

忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开。

散入珠帘湿罗幕,狐裘不暖锦衾薄。

将军角弓不得控,都护铁衣冷犹著。

瀚海阑干百丈冰,愁云黪淡万里凝。

中军置酒饮归客,胡琴琵琶与羌笛。

纷纷暮雪下辕门,风掣红旗冻不翻。

轮台东门送君去,去时雪满天山路。

山回路转不见君,雪上空留马行处。

A Song of White Snow inFarewell to FieldClerk Wu Going Home

The north wind rolls the white grasses and breaks them;

And the eighth month snow across the Tartar sky

Is like a spring gale,come up in the night,

Blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees.

It enters the pearl blinds,it wets the silk curtains;

A fur coat feels cold,a cotton mat flimsy;

Bows become rigid,can hardly be drawn

And the metal of armour congeals on the men;

The sandsea deepens with fathomless ice,

And darkness masses its endless clouds;

But we drink to our guest bound home from camp,

And play him barbarian lutes,guitars,harps;

Till at dusk,when the drifts are crushing our tents

And our frozen red flags cannot flutter in the wind,

We watch him through WheelTower Gate going eastward.

Into the snowmounds of HeavenPeak Road…

And then he disappears at the turn of the pass,

Leaving behind him only hoofprints.

杜甫

杜甫(712~770),字子美,唐代诗人。他是中国文学史上伟大的现实主义诗人,他的诗深刻地反映了唐朝由兴盛走向衰亡时期的社会面貌,具有丰富的社会内容,鲜明的时代色彩和强烈的政治倾向。他的诗激荡着热爱祖国、热爱人民的炽烈情感和不惜自我牺牲的崇高精神,因此被后人公认为“诗史”,诗人被尊称为“诗圣”。

杜甫一生写下了一千多首诗,其中著名的有《三吏》、《三别》、《兵车行》、《茅屋为秋风所破歌》、《丽人行》、《春望》等。杜甫诗充分表达了他对人民的深刻同情,揭露了封建社会剥削者与被剥削者之间的尖锐对立。杜甫以积极的入世精神,勇敢、忠实、深刻地反映了极为广泛的社会现实。

杜甫诗歌最大的艺术特色是,诗人常将自己的主观感受隐藏在客观的描写中,让事物自身去打动读者。杜甫诗歌语言平易朴素、通俗、写实,但却极见功力。他还常用人物独白和俗语来突出人物性格的个性化。

寄韩谏议

今我不乐思岳阳,身欲奋飞病在床。

美人娟娟隔秋水,濯足洞庭望八荒。

鸿飞冥冥日月白,青枫叶赤天雨霜。

玉京群帝集北斗,或骑麒麟翳凤凰。

芙蓉旌旗烟雾落,影动倒景摇潇湘。

星宫之君醉琼浆,羽人稀少不在旁。

似闻昨者赤松子,恐是汉代韩张良。

昔随刘氏定长安,帷幄未改神惨伤。

国家成败吾岂敢?色难腥腐餐枫香。

周南留滞古所惜,南极老人应寿昌。

美人胡为隔秋水?焉得置之贡玉堂。

A Letter to Censor Han

I am sad.My thoughts are in Youzhou.

I would hurry there—but I am sick in bed.

Beauty would be facing me across the autumn waters.

Oh,to wash my feet in Lake Dongting and see at its eight corners

Wild geese flying high,sun and moon both white,

Green maples changing to red in the frosty sky,

Angels bound for the Capital of Heaven,near the North Star,

Riding,some of them phrenixes,and others unicorns,

With banners of hibiscus and with melodies of mist,

Their shadows dancing upsidedown in the southern rivers,

Till the Queen of the Stars,drowsy with her nectar,

Would forget the winged men on either side of her!

From the Wizard of the Red Pine this word has come for me:

That after his earlier follower he has now a new disciple

Who,formerly at the capital as Emperor Lius adviser,

In spite of great successes,never could be happy.

What are a countrys rise and fall?

Can fleshpots be as fragrant as mountain fruit?

I grieve that he is lost far away in the south.

May the star of long life accord him its blessing!

O purity,to seize you from beyond the autumn waters

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