China"s cuisine has evolved into one of the great cuisines of the world. For more than 5，000 years， food has played an auspicious role in nearly all aspects of Chinese society， from health and medicine to business and celebration， and it is no less important today. The overall importance of food in China can"t be understated； upon greeting， Westerners will inquire about your health； the Chinese will ask if you"ve eaten.
Rich in scenic beauty， China"s geography spans a wide spectrum from fertile plains to high mountains. Its climate is also extremely broad in scope， ranging from sub-arctic to subtropical with everything in between. This combination of varied geography， climate and sheer land size produces an extraordinary cornucopia of fruit， vegetables， meats and seafood， and has evolved into one of the most interesting， creative and widely enjoyed cuisines of the world.
Emphasis on the freshness， flavor and texture of ingredients is key to fine Chinese cooking. To get the most out of even simple ingredients， a variety of techniques is used to highlight and accent food qualities. Quick cooking with a wok and deep-frying are universal to most styles of cooking in China. You"ll also find other cooking methods such as steaming， roasting， barbecuing， stewing， poaching and braising used extensively.
Many of the coastal and border regions of China have adopted outside influences into their cuisine. In general， the farther south you travel the more tropical the weather， affording better growing conditions， and the lighter and more refined the food tends to be. With harsh winters and short growing conditions， northern and western regions tend to offer much heartier cuisine. Traders， missionaries and invading peoples have all had their influence in how gastronomy has evolved in various regions. New World foods such as tomatoes and corn are now common ingredients throughout China； in Hong Kong you"ll find the use of mayonnaise； and chilies have directly influenced an entire genre of food from Sichuan. In ancient times and even today， those living in the remote areas didn"t travel extensively and there have been few outside influences from other cultures. The foods they eat and their cooking， essentially their entire way of life， has been insulated and has remained the same for countless generations. If you visit these remote places， you"ll have a fascinating opportunity to have a taste of ancient history.
One note for those who don"t eat pork – if a dish has an unnamed meat， that meat is usually pork. Strict vegetarians and vegans will find it hard to avoid meat or meat products altogether. Some restaurants will simply pick out the most obvious pieces of meat from their dishes or may use lard in their cooking. The best way to avoid meat is to tell the service staff you"re allergic to meat or Buddhist. Here are two helpful phrases “I don"t eat meat” （wǒ bù chī hūn de 我不吃荤的） or “I only eat vegetables” （wǒ zhǐ chī sù de 我只吃素的）。 Monosodium glutamate （MSG） is also widely used， but you can always ask for none （bú yáo wèi 精 不要味精）。
